In order for the UK's coronavirus lockdown to be relaxed, five tests need to be met. The NHS must be able to cope, there needs to be enough testing and PPE to meet further demand, a relaxing in restrictions must not lead to a second peak, there needs to be a consistent fall in daily death rates, and there needs to be a consistent fall in the rate of infection.
To ensure these tests are being met, the government has established a new Covid Alert System that is determined by the R number and the number of coronavirus cases.
This system will determine how strict the lockdown measures need to be. But what is the R number, how is it calculated, and what does it mean?