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Community-level Seroprevalence Surveys - cdc.gov - Usa

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30.05.2020 / 22:45

As communities consider a gradual scale up of activities towards pre-COVID-19 operating practices in centers for learning, such as K-12 schools and summer day camps, CDC offers the following recommendations to keep communities safe while resuming peer-to-peer learning and providing crucial support for parents and guardians returning to work. These recommendations depend on community monitoring to prevent COVID-19 from spreading.

covid-19 recommendations prevention

Interim Guidance for Mass Transit Administrators

Mass transit is critical for many Americans to commute to and from work and to access essential goods and services. This guidance provides considerations for mass transit administrators to maintain healthy business operations and a safe and healthy work environment for employees, while reducing the risk of COVID-19 spread for both employees and passengers.

Usa covid-19 recommendations

The gradual scale up of activities towards pre-COVID-19 operating practices at childcare programs is crucial to helping parents and guardians return to work. Many states have closed schools for the academic year and, with summer quickly approaching, an increasing number of working parents may need to rely on these programs.

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Meat and Poultry Processing Facility Assessment Toolkit

Tools and resources for occupational safety and health professionals and state and local public health officials assessing meat and poultry processing facilities

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Employers with Workers at High Risk

As workplaces consider a gradual scale up of activities towards pre-COVID-19 operating practices, it is particularly important to keep in mind that some workers are at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19. These workers include individuals over age 65 and those with underlying medical conditions.

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Data Visualization: How to Align Manufacturing Workstations, If Feasible

Interim Guidance from CDC and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

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Interim Guidance for Restaurants and Bars

This guidance provides considerations for businesses in the food service industry (e.g., restaurants and bars) on ways to maintain healthy business operations and a safe and healthy work environment for employees, while reducing the risk of COVID-19 spread for both employees and customers. Employers should follow applicable Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)external icon and CDC guidance for businesses to plan and respond to COVID-19.

covid-19 recommendations

United States Coronavirus (COVID-19) Death Toll Surpasses 100,000

For Immediate Release: Thursday, May 28, 2020 Media Relations (404) 639-3286

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Antibody Testing At-A-Glance Recommendations for Professionals

Here is a summary of CDC advice for healthcare providers, laboratory professionals, and public health professionals using antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.

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Using Antibody Tests for COVID-19

CDC has developed interim guidance for how healthcare providers, laboratories, and public health staff should use antibody tests. These tests look for the presence of antibodies, which are proteins made in response to infections. Antibodies are detected in the blood of people who are tested after infection; they show the body’s efforts to fight off a specific infection.

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Guidance for Direct Service Providers, Caregivers, Parents, and People with Developmental and Behavioral Disorders

People with developmental and behavioral disorders may live in group homes or interact with Direct Service Providers (DSPs). CDC has provided guidance for group homes and DSPs who provide assistance to people with disabilities. Many of the recommendations for COVID-19 preparation and response described in those guidance documents also apply to caregivers and DSPs for people with developmental and behavioral disorders.

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People with Developmental and Behavioral Disorders

Developmental and behavioral disorders are a group of conditions due to an impairment in physical, learning, language, or behavior areas. These conditions begin during the developmental period, may affect day-to-day functioning, and usually last throughout a person’s lifetime.1 Some developmental and behavioral disorders include:

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Guidance for Direct Service Providers

Direct Service Providers (DSPs) include personal care attendants, direct support professionals, paraprofessionals, therapists, and others. They provide a wide variety of home and community-based, health-related services that support people with disabilitiesexternal icon.

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Interim Guidance for Communities of Faith

CDC offers the following general considerations to help communities of faith discern how best to practice their beliefs while keeping their staff and congregations safe. Millions of Americans embrace worship as an essential part of life. For many faith traditions, gathering together for worship is at the heart of what it means to be a community of faith. But as Americans are now aware, gatherings present a risk for increasing spread of COVID-19 during this Public Health Emergency. CDC offers these suggestions for faith communities to consider and accept, reject, or modify, consistent with their own faith traditions, in the course of preparing to reconvene for in-person gatherings while still working to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

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Resuming Business Toolkit

The is designed to assist employers in slowing the spread of COVID-19 [1] and lowering the impact in their workplace when reintegrating employees into non-healthcare business settings. Not sure whether you’re ready to resume business? Use CDC’s decision tools [2-3] as a start.

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Guidance for Group Homes for Individuals with Disabilities

Group homes (GHs) for people with disabilitiesexternal icon can vary in size from small to larger congregate settings. In congregate living settings, several factors may facilitate the introduction and spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Some of these factors include residents employed outside the home, residents who require close contact with staff or Direct Service Providers, residents who have trouble understanding information or practicing preventive measures, and residents in shared living spaces. In addition, GH residents who have underlying medical conditions may be at risk of serious illness with COVID-19.

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Information for Sanitation and Wastewater Workers on COVID-19

Recently, the virus that causes COVID-19 has been found in untreated wastewater. While data are limited, there is no information to date that anyone has become sick with COVID-19 because of exposure to wastewater.

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COVID-19 Forecasts: New Hospitalizations

CDC works with partners to bring together weekly forecasts for new COVID-19 hospitalizations. These forecasts make different assumptions about social distancing measures and use different methods and data sets to estimate the number of new hospitalizations. Individual models are described in more detail below.

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COVID-19 Employer Information for Office Buildings

Workers in office buildings may be at risk for exposure to the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Office building employers, building owners and managers, and building operations specialists can take steps to create a safe and healthy workplace and protect workers and clients.

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Evaluating Case Investigation and Contact Tracing Success

Routine review of both process and outcome metrics will also be crucial for case investigation and contact tracing success. By examining these data regularly, issues can be identified and rapidly addressed, changes to internal case investigation and contact tracing processes can be made, and the local health authority can more easily pivot when new high-risk populations are identified. The uses of data related to case investigation and contact tracing fit broadly into four main domains:

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Data Management for Assigning and Managing Investigations

The development and implementation of a robust data management infrastructure will be critical for assigning and managing investigations, linking clients with confirmed and probable COVID-19 to their contacts, and evaluating success and opportunities for improvement in a case investigation and contact tracing program. COVID-19 case investigations will likely be triggered by one of three events:

covid-19 patient Investigations

Investigating a COVID-19 Case

Comprehensive information on a patient diagnosed with COVID-19 is the foundation of case investigation and contact tracing. This information includes the socio-demographic information, date of symptom onset or date of specimen collection for SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) testing, source of illness, list of close contacts and their locating information, duration of exposure, activity history during the contact elicitation window (when the patient was infectious and not under isolation), and exposure locations (including events/gatherings with unknown contacts).

covid-19 information patient

covid-19 information patient

Building Community Support

The success of a case investigation and contact tracing program hinges on a community’s level of participation. For many community members, this may be the first time they’ve engaged with public health personnel. Jurisdictions will need to communicate clearly with the public to generate an understanding and acceptance of case investigation and contact tracing as an important way to protect friends, family, and community members from future potential infections.

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Managing Investigations During an Outbreak

Most jurisdictions will create a special investigation team to take over outbreaks as they require expertise and resources beyond typical case investigation and contact tracing efforts. CDC has developed specific guidance for investigating clients with COVID-19 in a number of settings. When relevant, the CDC guidance is highlighted below.

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Scaling Up Staffing Roles in Case Investigation and Contact Tracing

Successful case investigation and contact tracing for COVID-19 is dependent on a robust and well-trained public health workforce. Many are familiar with case investigation and contact tracing as a core strategy used in outbreak investigations (CDC Field Epidemiology Manual). It has also been implemented for decades by Communicable Disease Investigators (CDI) or Disease Intervention Specialists (DIS) in health departments throughout the United States to prevent and control tuberculosis, sexually transmitted infections, HIV, and other infectious diseases, as well as to respond to outbreaks.

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Training Case Investigators and Contact Tracers

Case investigation and contact tracing are specialized skills. Knowledge and skills that staff may need include:

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When to Initiate Case Investigation and Contact Tracing Activities

Case investigation and contact tracing activities should be implemented at two distinct points in an epidemic:

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Special Considerations for Health Departments

This section provides general guidance and highlights key issues that may need thoughtful attention.

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Significant social support may be necessary to allow clients to safely self-isolate and contacts to safely self-quarantine. For some of the most vulnerable populations in the United States, self-isolation or self-quarantine will be a hardship that may be impossible without additional assistance. Adherence to isolation and quarantine instructions will greatly depend on each individual’s safety, comfort, and health during this period. Social support services must be an integral component of a jurisdiction’s case investigation and contact tracing activities. In developing jurisdictional protocols, programs must define their social support services package and eligibility criteria.

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Digital Contact Tracing Tools

There will be emerging information on smartphone-based exposure notifications from proximity tracking tools that could significantly increase the number of contacts that health departments are alerted to. As these tools are implemented, they should be used to initiate contact notification.

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Confidentiality and Consent

All aspects of case investigation and contact tracing must be voluntary, confidential, and culturally appropriate.

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Interim Guidance on Developing a COVID-19 Case Investigation & Contact Tracing Plan: Overview

Printer friendly version pdf icon[956 KB, 56 pages]

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Contact Tracing for COVID-19

For COVID-19, a close contact is defined as any individual who was within 6 feet of an infected person for at least 15 minutes starting from 48 hours before illness onset (or, for asymptomatic patients, 10 days prior to positive specimen collection) until the time the patient is isolated.

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Protect Yourself When Using Transportation

Public transit, rideshares and taxis, micro-mobility devices, and personal vehicles

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COVID-19 Mathematical Modeling

Mortality Forecasts

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Interim Guidelines for COVID-19 Antibody Testing

Interim Guidelines for COVID-19 Antibody Testing in Clinical and Public Health Settings

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Lo que pueden hacer empleados y empleadores para manejar la fatiga laboral durante el COVID-19

La pandemia de la enfermedad del coronavirus (COVID-19) ha tocado todos los aspectos sociales, incluida la forma en que trabajamos. El personal de respuesta a emergencias, los trabajadores de atención médica y los otros trabajadores que proveen servicios esenciales a la comunidad, han tenido exigencias particularmente extremas, trabajando más horas de lo normal, más turnos o incluso durante toda la noche, lo cual los ha dejado con menos tiempo para dormir y recargar energías.

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Người lao động và nhà sử dụng lao động có thể làm gì để quản lý sự mệt mỏi tại nơi làm việc trong đại dịch COVID-19

Đại dịch do vi rút corona gây ra (COVID-19) đã chạm đến tất cả các khía cạnh của xã hội bao gồm cả cách chúng ta làm việc. Nhân viên ứng phó khẩn cấp, nhân viên y tếvà những người khác cung cấp các dịch vụ thiết yếu cho cộng đồng đã phải làm quá nhiều việc cùng một lúc, làm việc nhiều giờ hơn bình thường, làm việc nhiều ca hoặc thậm chí qua đêm và có ít thời gian ngủ và nạp lại năng lượng.

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COVID-19 상황에서 직장의 피로 관리를 위해 근로자와 고용주가 할 수 있는 사항

코로나바이러스 감염증(COVID-19) 범유행이 근무 방식을 포함하여 사회의 모든 측면에 영향을 미쳤습니다. 긴급구조 요원, 보건의료 근로자 및 그 외 지역 사회에 핵심 서비스를 제공하는 많은 사람들은 매우 오랜 기간 이어지는 초과 근무, 과다한 교대 근무 심지어는 철야 근무로 인해, 수면 및 재충전 시간이 부족하게 되었습니다.

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在 COVID-19 期间，员工和雇主可以采取什么措施来处理工作疲劳的问题

冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的流行已经影响到社会的各个方面，包括我们的工作方式。急救人员、医护人员以及其他一些为社区提供基本服务的人士则感觉特别疲惫，工作时间比平时长，加班甚至通宵工作，睡眠和休息的时间变少。

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Large-scale Geographic Seroprevalence Surveys

CDC wants to learn more about the percentage of people in the United States who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 and to better understand how the virus is spreading through the U.S. population over time. Because infected people can have mild illness or may not get medical care or testing, CDC also wants to use this information to estimate the number of people who have been previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and were not included in official case counts. To help answer those questions and others, CDC is collaborating with public health and private partners on a variety of seroprevalence surveys of different sizes, locations, populations studied, and purposes.

Usa virus covid-19 testing infection

When You Can be Around Others After You Had or Likely Had COVID-19

If you have or think you might have COVID-19, it is important to stay home and away from other people. Staying away from others helps stop the spread of COVID-19. get emergency medical care immediately.

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How to Wear Cloth Face Coverings

Cloth face coverings are an additional step to help slow the spread of COVID-19 when combined with every day preventive actions and social distancing in public settings.

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How to Make Cloth Face Coverings

Simple cloth face coverings can be made at home and may help prevent the spread of COVID-19.

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How to Wash Cloth Face Coverings

Cloth face coverings are an additional step to help slow the spread of COVID-19 when combined with every day preventive actions and social distancing in public settings.

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About Cloth Face Coverings

A cloth face covering may not protect the wearer, but it may keep the wearer from spreading the virus to others.

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United States	Cases: 46 252 513 Deaths: 750 423 Recovered: 0
India	Cases: 34 321 025 Deaths: 459 652 Recovered: 0
Brazil	Cases: 21 835 785 Deaths: 608 235 Recovered: 0
United Kingdom	Cases: 9 215 683 Deaths: 141 607 Recovered: 0
Russia	Cases: 8 494 589 Deaths: 237 619 Recovered: 0

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