France city Seattle testing vaccine prevention medicines patient Immunic Patrick France city Seattle

Vaccines could be next big advance in cancer treatment

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FILE - This photograph taken on Nov. 17, 2021, shows a laboratory test at the Transgene biotech firm, which is working to develop a neoantigen cancer vaccine, in Illkirch-Graffenstaden, eastern France. (Photo by PATRICK HERTZOG/AFP via Getty Images) The next big advance in cancer treatment could be a vaccine.After decades of limited success, scientists say research has reached a turning point, with many predicting more vaccines will be out in five years.These aren't traditional vaccines that prevent disease, but shots to shrink tumors and stop cancer from coming back.

Targets for these experimental treatments include breast and lung cancer, with gains reported this year for deadly skin cancer melanoma and pancreatic cancer."We’re getting something to work.

Now we need to get it to work better," said Dr. James Gulley, who helps lead a center at the National Cancer Institute that develops immune therapies, including cancer treatment vaccines.RELATED: Groundbreaking vaccine trial aims to prevent cancers associated with Lynch syndromeMore than ever, scientists understand how cancer hides from the body’s immune system.

Cancer vaccines, like other immunotherapies, boost the immune system to find and kill cancer cells. And some new ones use mRNA, which was developed for cancer but first used for COVID-19 vaccines.For a vaccine to work, it needs to teach the immune system's T cells to recognize cancer as dangerous, said Dr.

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