Best Topics
all Boris Johnson Neil Ferguson Britain testing BBC Coronavirus
The same in other media
More ...
Boris Johnson Neil Ferguson Britain testing BBC Coronavirus Boris Johnson Neil Ferguson Britain

Coronavirus antibody tests 'to be available within days' says top scientist

Boris Johnson Neil Ferguson Britain testing BBC Coronavirus
Reading now: 188
www.mirror.co.uk
mirror.co.uk:

Antibody tests which can tell if someone has already had coronavirus or is immune to the killer disease could be available in "days".

Boris Johnson has previously described the tests as a "game changer" as they could potentially show who has immunity from the disease, which has killed more than 1,200 people in the UK.

Today Professor Neil Ferguson, told the BBC that the tests could be available within days. He said a third or even 40% of people do not get any symptoms, and up to 3% of the UK population had been infected.

The scientist said antibody tests were in the final stage of validation and could be hopefully ready to use in "days rather than weeks".

Read more on mirror.co.uk
All news from mirror.co.uk
The website covid-19.rehab is an aggregator of news from open sources. The source is indicated at the beginning and at the end of the announcement. You can send a complaint on the news if you find it unreliable.

Related News

Boris Johnson - Rishi Sunak - Boris Johnson making 'steady progress' in ICU - rte.ie - Britain - city London
rte.ie
56%
223
Boris Johnson making 'steady progress' in ICU
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson remains in intensive care due to Covid-19 but is making "steady progress", Downing Street has said.
Boris Johnson Rishi Sunak Britain city London UK Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Easter Monday - Coronavirus lockdown to be extended 'until May' with peak 'still 10 days away' - dailystar.co.uk - Britain
dailystar.co.uk
74%
719
Coronavirus lockdown to be extended 'until May' with peak 'still 10 days away'
Government ministers are preparing to extend the UK lockdown until May, according to reports.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab Easter Monday Britain Coronavirus
Donald Trump - Boris Johnson - Coronavirus claims record dead but Donald Trump sees light at end of tunnel - livemint.com - New York - Usa - Britain - France
livemint.com
69%
700
Coronavirus claims record dead but Donald Trump sees light at end of tunnel
The coronavirus pandemic notched up another round of record death tolls in the United States and Europe, dousing the optimism of US President Donald Trump who insisted there was light at the end of the tunnel.
Donald Trump Boris Johnson New York Usa Britain France death pandemic economy patient
Boris Johnson - Carrie Symonds - Carrie Symonds dealt double blow after being banned from seeing mum as well as Boris - mirror.co.uk - county Johnson
mirror.co.uk
55%
850
Carrie Symonds dealt double blow after being banned from seeing mum as well as Boris
Boris Johnson's heavily pregnant fiancée Carrie Symonds is barred from seeing both the Prime Minister and apparently her own mum, who is over 70 and vulnerable to the virus.
Boris Johnson Carrie Symonds county Johnson hospital doctor Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Gogglebox hit with Ofcom complaints as cast 'break' coronavirus lockdown rules - dailystar.co.uk - Britain
dailystar.co.uk
39%
356
Gogglebox hit with Ofcom complaints as cast 'break' coronavirus lockdown rules
The cast of Gogglebox have been hit with Ofcom complaints after several members appeared to breach lockdown rules.
Boris Johnson Britain testing Channel 4 Gogglebox Coronavirus Cast
Donald Trump - Boris Johnson - U.K.Prime - Coronavirus outbreak: Trump sends regards to Boris Johnson amid reports his condition is improving - globalnews.ca
globalnews.ca
87%
815
Coronavirus outbreak: Trump sends regards to Boris Johnson amid reports his condition is improving
U.S. President Donald Trump again sent his regards to U.K. Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Wednesday, following reports Johnson, who remains in intensive care after being diagnosed with COVID-19, is improving health-wise.
Donald Trump Boris Johnson U.K.Prime outbreak president Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Schools will 'not re-open after Easter' despite minister's hint - dailystar.co.uk - Britain
dailystar.co.uk
52%
519
Schools will 'not re-open after Easter' despite minister's hint
Schools will not reopen after Easter and will only re-open once UK's strict coronavirus lockdown measures have been lifted, according to government officials.
Boris Johnson Britain In the News Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Coronavirus lockdown 'likely to be extended for up to three weeks' - manchestereveningnews.co.uk
manchestereveningnews.co.uk
62%
214
Coronavirus lockdown 'likely to be extended for up to three weeks'
The government is expected to extend restrictions to combat the spread of coronavirus beyond next week, according to multiple reports tonight.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab pandemic Government Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Rishi Sunak - Coronavirus outbreak: British PM Johnson’s condition ‘improving’, can sit up amid contracting COVID-19 - globalnews.ca - Britain - county Johnson
globalnews.ca
65%
445
Coronavirus outbreak: British PM Johnson’s condition ‘improving’, can sit up amid contracting COVID-19
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson remains in intensive care, but his condition is improving and he can sit up in bed, finance minister Rishi Sunak said on Wednesday. Johnson, who tested positive for COVID-19 nearly two weeks ago, was taken into intensive care on Monday, after his conditioned worsened.
Boris Johnson Rishi Sunak Britain county Johnson covid-19 outbreak testing Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Rishi Sunak - Coronavirus outbreak: British PM Johnson’s condition ‘improving’, can sit up amid contracting COVID-19 - globalnews.ca - Britain - county Johnson
globalnews.ca
53%
518
Coronavirus outbreak: British PM Johnson’s condition ‘improving’, can sit up amid contracting COVID-19
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson remains in intensive care, but his condition is improving and he can sit up in bed, finance minister Rishi Sunak said on Wednesday. Johnson, who tested positive for COVID-19 nearly two weeks ago, was taken into intensive care on Monday, after his conditioned worsened.
Boris Johnson Rishi Sunak Britain county Johnson covid-19 outbreak testing Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Boris Johnson stable in ICU as UK virus deaths pass 7,000 - livemint.com - Italy - Spain - Britain
livemint.com
82%
667
Boris Johnson stable in ICU as UK virus deaths pass 7,000
LONDON : British Prime Minister Boris Johnson is “responding to treatment" but remains in intensive care with the new coronavirus, his spokesman said Wednesday, as the U.K. saw its biggest spike in deaths from the virus to date.
Boris Johnson Italy Spain Britain hospital death testing Government
Idris Elba - Boris Johnson - prince Charles - Why coronavirus can be fatal for some people but leaves others with no symptoms at all - dailyrecord.co.uk
dailyrecord.co.uk
44%
689
Why coronavirus can be fatal for some people but leaves others with no symptoms at all
The world has been brought to its knees by coronavirus, with over 82,000 people around the world sadly losing their lives.
Idris Elba Boris Johnson prince Charles virus symptoms infection Coronavirus why
Boris Johnson - Coronavirus patients need to to re-learn how to walk after intensive care - mirror.co.uk - Britain
mirror.co.uk
60%
186
Coronavirus patients need to to re-learn how to walk after intensive care
A UK doctor has warned that even those who survive a stay in intensive care can find themselves being forced to learn to walk again.
Boris Johnson Britain doctor Ventilators patient Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Boris Johnson's condition is 'improving' as he remains in intensive care due to coronavirus - manchestereveningnews.co.uk - city London
manchestereveningnews.co.uk
56%
668
Boris Johnson's condition is 'improving' as he remains in intensive care due to coronavirus
Boris Johnson's condition is 'improving' and he is 'sitting up in bed' as he remains in intensive care due to coronavirus.
Boris Johnson city London hospital testing symptoms Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Boris Johnson 'sitting up in bed' as Government give coronavirus health update - dailystar.co.uk
dailystar.co.uk
70%
549
Boris Johnson 'sitting up in bed' as Government give coronavirus health update
Boris Johnson is "sitting up in bed" and his condition is "improving," Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rishi Sunak confirmed at a Downing Street press briefing today.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab Government Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Rishi Sunak - Prime Minister Boris Johnson 'improving' and now 'sitting up in bed' in hospital - mirror.co.uk - Britain - city London
mirror.co.uk
39%
226
Prime Minister Boris Johnson 'improving' and now 'sitting up in bed' in hospital
Prime Minister Boris Johnson is 'improving' and is 'sitting up in in bed' in hospital, where he is being treated for coronavirus.
Boris Johnson Rishi Sunak Britain city London hospital death symptoms Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - UK coronavirus death toll increases by 936 to 7,172 after deadliest day - mirror.co.uk - Britain - Ireland - Scotland
mirror.co.uk
36%
180
UK coronavirus death toll increases by 936 to 7,172 after deadliest day
Britain’s coronavirus death toll has increased by 936 to 7,172 after the deadliest day yet.
Boris Johnson Britain Ireland Scotland death NHS Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - This is how well Greater Manchester is complying with lockdown measures according to tracking data - manchestereveningnews.co.uk - city Manchester
manchestereveningnews.co.uk
53%
395
This is how well Greater Manchester is complying with lockdown measures according to tracking data
Since the government imposed strict lockdown measures over two weeks ago, Greater Manchester has seen a huge difference in its pace of life.
Boris Johnson city Manchester covid-19 Government Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Family-of-six stopped by police and turned back after driving 80 miles to the Lake District from Wigan for a trip out during the coronavirus lockdown - manchestereveningnews.co.uk
manchestereveningnews.co.uk
64%
463
Family-of-six stopped by police and turned back after driving 80 miles to the Lake District from Wigan for a trip out during the coronavirus lockdown
A family-of-six drove to the Lake District for a trip out during the nationwide coronavirus lockdown - but were stopped by police at Windermere and told to go home.
Boris Johnson Government prevention travelers Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Rod Stewart - Penny Lancaster - Rod Stewart's wife Penny Lancaster shares loved up lockdown snap - dailyrecord.co.uk
dailyrecord.co.uk
58%
422
Rod Stewart's wife Penny Lancaster shares loved up lockdown snap
Sir Rod Stewart's other half Penny Lancaster has paid tribute to her husband in a loved-up photo of the couple.
Boris Johnson Rod Stewart Penny Lancaster pandemic stars Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Nicola Sturgeon - Coronavirus in Scotland LIVE as 366 die from virus as confirmed cases reach 4565 - dailyrecord.co.uk - Scotland
dailyrecord.co.uk
88%
496
Coronavirus in Scotland LIVE as 366 die from virus as confirmed cases reach 4565
366 people have now died from coronavirus in Scotland  - an increase of 70 deaths overnight.
Boris Johnson Nicola Sturgeon Scotland hospital testing NHS Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Coronavirus patients have three stages of hospital treatment before 'last resort' - mirror.co.uk
mirror.co.uk
73%
141
Coronavirus patients have three stages of hospital treatment before 'last resort'
When people are hospitalised through coronavirus they are faced with just four levels of treatment, with the last two rendering them unconscious.
Boris Johnson hospital Ventilators patient Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Harry Princeharry - Meghan Markle - U.K.Prime - Meghan Markle, Prince Harry catch backlash for unveiling their charity name during the coronavirus pandemic - foxnews.com
foxnews.com
81%
285
Meghan Markle, Prince Harry catch backlash for unveiling their charity name during the coronavirus pandemic
Meghan Markle and Prince Harry are catching some backlash after revealing the name of their new charity organization amid the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. The announcement came as U.K.
Boris Johnson Harry Princeharry Meghan Markle U.K.Prime pandemic information Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - With Johnson hospitalized, who's who in Britain's Cabinet? - clickorlando.com - Britain - county Johnson
clickorlando.com
95%
284
With Johnson hospitalized, who's who in Britain's Cabinet?
LONDON – With British Prime Minister Boris Johnson hospitalized in intensive care after contracting the coronavirus, who's left to run the country? A look at the key players in Johnson's Cabinet:
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab Britain county Johnson Government symptoms Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Family-of-four 'killed in lockdown murder-suicide' blasted to death with shotgun - mirror.co.uk
mirror.co.uk
80%
520
Family-of-four 'killed in lockdown murder-suicide' blasted to death with shotgun
Two sisters aged four and two were blasted to death with a shotgun alongside their parents in a suspected murder-suicide during the coronavirus lockdown, a coroner heard.
Boris Johnson covid-19 death prevention Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Larry the Cat is not in coronavirus lockdown despite advice from vets group - mirror.co.uk - Britain
mirror.co.uk
94%
332
Larry the Cat is not in coronavirus lockdown despite advice from vets group
Larry the Number 10 Cat is not in isolation, despite a warning to keep cats from coronavirus infected households indoors.
Boris Johnson Britain virus self-isolation infection Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Downing Street issue update as Boris Johnson spends second night in intensive care - manchestereveningnews.co.uk
manchestereveningnews.co.uk
51%
747
Downing Street issue update as Boris Johnson spends second night in intensive care
Boris Johnson remains "in good spirits" following his second night in intensive care.
Boris Johnson hospital testing NHS Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Nicola Sturgeon - Edward Argar - Coronavirus Scotland: 366 die from virus as confirmed cases reach 4565 - dailyrecord.co.uk - Scotland - city London
dailyrecord.co.uk
77%
653
Coronavirus Scotland: 366 die from virus as confirmed cases reach 4565
366 people have now died from  coronavirus  in  Scotland   - an increase of 70 deaths overnight.
Boris Johnson Nicola Sturgeon Edward Argar Scotland city London hospital virus death Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Boris Johnson 'clinically stable' and responding to treatment in intensive care - mirror.co.uk
mirror.co.uk
88%
714
Boris Johnson 'clinically stable' and responding to treatment in intensive care
Boris Johnson is stable and "responding to treatment" on his third day in intensive care, the Prime Minister's spokesman said today.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab hospital information Ventilators Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Britain’s Boris Johnson remains in ICU as country grapples with coronavirus - globalnews.ca - Italy - Spain - Britain
globalnews.ca
72%
809
Britain’s Boris Johnson remains in ICU as country grapples with coronavirus
Britain’s government sought Wednesday to keep a grip on the country’s response to the coronavirus pandemic as Prime Minister Boris Johnson started a third day in the intensive care unit of a London hospital being treated for COVID-19.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab Italy Spain Britain covid-19 coronavirus news Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Nicola Sturgeon - The ridiculous excuses and bizarre 999 calls people ignoring lockdown gave police - dailyrecord.co.uk - Britain - Scotland
dailyrecord.co.uk
50%
632
The ridiculous excuses and bizarre 999 calls people ignoring lockdown gave police
Lockdown is now in its third week and police have been working tirelessly to ensure we stay at home and keep safe.
Boris Johnson Nicola Sturgeon Britain Scotland gatherings travelers Coronavirus
Idris Elba - Boris Johnson - prince Charles - Why coronavirus is fatal for some people - but others don't even know they've had it - mirror.co.uk - Britain
mirror.co.uk
84%
615
Why coronavirus is fatal for some people - but others don't even know they've had it
Coronavirus Covid-19 has claimed the lives of more than 82,000 people around the world.
Idris Elba Boris Johnson prince Charles Britain virus symptoms infection Coronavirus why
Boris Johnson - New York’s coronavirus death toll tops 9/11 as lockdown in Wuhan ends - globalnews.ca - New York - China - city Wuhan - city New York - Britain
globalnews.ca
42%
116
New York’s coronavirus death toll tops 9/11 as lockdown in Wuhan ends
As New York City faced one of its darkest days with the death toll from the coronavirus surging past 4,000 — more than the number killed on 9/11 — the Chinese city where the global pandemic began lifted its final restrictions on movement Wednesday as deaths there plummeted.
Boris Johnson New York China city Wuhan city New York Britain covid-19 Andrew Cuomo Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Edward Argar - UK 'nowhere near' ending lockdown says Sadiq Khan - with peak still 10 days away - mirror.co.uk - Britain
mirror.co.uk
72%
551
UK 'nowhere near' ending lockdown says Sadiq Khan - with peak still 10 days away
The UK is "nowhere near" coming out of coronavirus lockdown and the peak of the illness is still a week and a half away, Sadiq Khan claimed today.
Boris Johnson Edward Argar Britain Government infection
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Edward Argar - Boris Johnson stable and ‘in good spirits’ after second night in intensive care - dailystar.co.uk
dailystar.co.uk
70%
223
Boris Johnson stable and ‘in good spirits’ after second night in intensive care
Boris Johnson is “comfortable” and in “good spirits” after spending a second night in intensive care.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab Edward Argar shock Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Edward Argar - Boris Johnson remains 'stable' as he spends second night in intensive care - dailyrecord.co.uk - city London
dailyrecord.co.uk
89%
564
Boris Johnson remains 'stable' as he spends second night in intensive care
Prime Minister Boris Johnson remains in a 'stable' condition in hospital as his battle with coronavirus continues.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab Edward Argar city London hospital Government Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Britain's Boris Johnson 'stable' in intensive care, remains in 'good spirit' - livemint.com - Britain
livemint.com
65%
625
Britain's Boris Johnson 'stable' in intensive care, remains in 'good spirit'
'The prime minister has been stable overnight and remains in good spirits,' his official spokesman told reporters
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab Britain Government symptoms shock Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Coronavirus UK lockdown to last AT LEAST 55 more days claims public health expert - dailystar.co.uk - Britain
dailystar.co.uk
41%
110
Coronavirus UK lockdown to last AT LEAST 55 more days claims public health expert
The UK coronavirus lockdown will last another eight weeks until June “at an absolute minimum”, a public health chief has claimed.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab Britain Government Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Edward Argar - Boris Johnson spends second night in intensive care - rte.ie - Britain
rte.ie
50%
232
Boris Johnson spends second night in intensive care
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson has spent a second night in intensive care battling the coronavirus which has infected more than 55,000 across the country and killed nearly 6,200.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab Edward Argar Britain UK Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Piers Morgan - Kate Garraway - Derek Draper - Kate Garraway breaks silence after Boris Johnson hospital news and husband's health battle - express.co.uk - Britain
express.co.uk
88%
699
Kate Garraway breaks silence after Boris Johnson hospital news and husband's health battle
Good Morning Britain presenter Kate Garraway, 52, was among thousands of Instagram users who commented on Piers Morgan's Instagram post last night.The Iatter had shared a heartwarming message to Boris Johnson and his fiancee Carrie Symonds.It comes after it was confirmed last week Kate's husband Derek Draper has also been admitted to intensive care with coronavirus after becoming very ill.In view of his 998,000 followers, Piers wrote: "If you’re not rooting for our Prime Minister tonight & willing him to make a speedy recovery, then you’re a despicable human being."He is very ill with a deadly virus & his pregnant partner has also been sick. Incredibly worrying time for them & the country.
Boris Johnson Piers Morgan Kate Garraway Derek Draper Britain Good Morning Britain Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Doctor looking after Boris Johnson in hospital is one of UK's top lung experts - mirror.co.uk - Britain - county Johnson
mirror.co.uk
59%
919
Doctor looking after Boris Johnson in hospital is one of UK's top lung experts
Boris Johnson is in the hands of one of the country's most revered lung doctors, according to reports.
Boris Johnson Britain county Johnson hospital experts doctor patient
Boris Johnson - Coronavirus survivor treated on Boris Johnson's ward describes harrowing experience - dailystar.co.uk - London
dailystar.co.uk
89%
339
Coronavirus survivor treated on Boris Johnson's ward describes harrowing experience
A man who contracted coronavirus and suffered from its severe symptoms has described his time in the same Intensive Care Unit that Prime Minister Boris Johnson is currently being treated in.
Boris Johnson London NHS Family
Boris Johnson - Doctor looking after Boris Johnson in hospital is one of UK's top lung experts - mirror.co.uk - Britain - county Johnson
mirror.co.uk
80%
517
Doctor looking after Boris Johnson in hospital is one of UK's top lung experts
Boris Johnson is in the hands of one of the country's most revered lung doctors, according to reports.
Boris Johnson Britain county Johnson hospital experts doctor patient
Boris Johnson - New York's virus toll tops 9/11, while Wuhan ends lockdown - clickorlando.com - New York - China - city Wuhan - city New York - Britain - county York
clickorlando.com
58%
983
New York's virus toll tops 9/11, while Wuhan ends lockdown
NEW YORK – As New York City faced one of its darkest days with the death toll from the coronavirus surging past 4,000 — more than the number killed on 9/11 — the Chinese city where the global pandemic began lifted its final restrictions on movement Wednesday as deaths there plummeted.
Boris Johnson New York China city Wuhan city New York Britain county York virus death Coronavirus
Donald Trump - Boris Johnson - Donald Trump to send 200 ventilators to the UK as we 'need them desperately' - dailystar.co.uk - Usa - Britain - London
dailystar.co.uk
89%
866
Donald Trump to send 200 ventilators to the UK as we 'need them desperately'
US President Donald Trump is sending 200 ventilators to the UK after he said London "needed them desperately".
Donald Trump Boris Johnson Usa Britain London Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Boris Johnson's 'temperature has fallen' a day after going into intensive care - mirror.co.uk
mirror.co.uk
66%
340
Boris Johnson's 'temperature has fallen' a day after going into intensive care
Boris Johnson’s persistently high temperature has fallen as he continues emergency treatment for coronavirus, it has been reported.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab hospital Ventilators Coronavirus
Boris Johnson - Dominic Raab - Boris Johnson could be off work for up to 2 months as he battles coronavirus, experts say - mirror.co.uk
mirror.co.uk
86%
739
Boris Johnson could be off work for up to 2 months as he battles coronavirus, experts say
Boris Johnson is facing up to two months off work - regardless of whether he makes a full recovery - after being hospitalised with coronavirus, scientists have said.
Boris Johnson Dominic Raab hospital experts patient Coronavirus
COVID-19
United States
United States
Cases: 46 252 513
Deaths: 750 423
Recovered: 0
India
India
Cases: 34 321 025
Deaths: 459 652
Recovered: 0
Brazil
Brazil
Cases: 21 835 785
Deaths: 608 235
Recovered: 0
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Cases: 9 215 683
Deaths: 141 607
Recovered: 0
Russia
Russia
Cases: 8 494 589
Deaths: 237 619
Recovered: 0
Detail statistic
7 Mindful Quotes for Those Moments When You Are Taking Things Personally
How to Turn a Simple Link-in-Bio Into a Powerful Brand Hub
10 Wake-Up Calls for Those Moments When You Lose Your Motivation (and You’re Unsure of Everything)
101 Short December Quotes: Inspirational, Funny and Happy Sayings
The Hidden Lesson in Projection: It’s Never Really About Us
How to entertain yourself when you stuck inside due to a pandemic
About Us

Covid-19.rehab - the latest news concerning the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (formerly 2019-nCoV), as well as the infectious disease that it causes COVID-19, in separate countries and in the world as a whole. Current news on the topic of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Quarantine, pandemic 2020, epidemic: what is it, when will it come to end, precautions and how to protect yourself from this disease. The most honest news, no fakes! To keep up with the latest news, stay tuned for updates on the site! Every day we will collect news and statistics on coronavirus from around the world for you to be aware of this topic.

mediclife.net

Categories
Info
For advertisers
Add Post
Add Post

©2025. All rights reserved.

DMCA