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Study: Nicotine, Tobacco Use Linked to Teens’ ADHD Symptom Levels, Treatment

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March 10, 2025Teens with highly symptomatic ADHD face an elevated risk for using e-cigarettes, cigarettes, and tobacco products, and that risk is likely diminished through the use of prescribed ADHD medication, according to a new study published in JAMA Network Open.1Prior research has established that teens with ADHD are more likely than their neurotypical peers to use nicotine.2,3,4 However, this study is one of the first to longitudinally examine whether effective ADHD symptom management, like pharmacotherapy, may mitigate this risk.

It suggests that teens with ADHD symptoms that are managed well are less likely to use tobacco products than their peers with untreated or otherwise severe ADHD symptoms.This finding is consistent with previous research suggesting that untreated ADHD may double the risk5 of developing a substance use disorder (SUD), and that early and continual treatment for ADHD can reduce this risk.6“The present findings support the assertion from prior clinical studies that alleviating core ADHD symptoms may lead to a reduction in risky behaviors among U.S.

youths with ADHD,” the researchers wrote.The study followed more than 13,500 U.S. youths ages 12 to 17 over nine years, from 2013 to 2023.

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