treating adults Differential Diagnosis Guide

ADHD and Sleep Problems: This is Why You’re Always Tired

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Adults with ADHD rarely fall asleep easily, sleep soundly through the night, and then wake up feeling refreshed. More often, ADHD’s mental and physical restlessness disturbs a person’s sleep patterns — and the ensuing exhaustion hurts overall health and treatment.

This is widely accepted as true. But, as with most of our knowledge about ADHD in adults, we’re only beginning to understand the stronger link between ADHD and sleep, that creates difficulties:Sleep disturbances caused by ADHD have been overlooked for a number of reasons.

Sleep problems did not fit neatly into the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) requirement that all ADHD symptoms must be present by age 7.

Sleep disturbances associated with ADHD generally appear later in life, at around age 12, on average. Consequently, the arbitrary age cutoff has prevented recognition of night owls and sleep disturbances in ADHD until recently, when studies of adults have become more common.

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Study: Vitamin D Insufficiency Worsens Sleep Problems in Children with ADHD
April 29, 2025Vitamin D insufficiency worsens sleep problems in children with ADHD, but it does not directly affect the condition’s symptoms or functional impairments, a recent study published in Frontiers in Psychology found.1Children with ADHD are more likely to experience vitamin D deficiencies than are children without ADHD, according to previous research.2 However, this study found no causal relationship or direct link between ADHD symptoms and vitamin D insufficiency.Scientists did find that low vitamin D levels (below 30 ng/mL) can worsen sleep difficulties, impairing sleep quality and worsening sleep disordered breathing, in children with ADHD.The researchers wrote that sleep difficulties “increased daytime sleepiness, inattention, and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in children.” Additionally, it was found that sleep disordered breathing can affect a child’s attention, focus, hyperactivity, memory, and executive functioning, essentially exacerbating ADHD symptoms.Nearly three-quarters of children with ADHD experience a sleep problem or disorder.3 Additionally, up to half of children with ADHD have sleep problems, such as difficulty sleeping, insomnia, night waking, and hypersomnia.4, 5This is the first study, to the researchers’ knowledge, that examines whether vitamin D insufficiency exacerbates sleep problems and symptoms in children with ADHD.
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